A series of burning experiments were conducted in a model-scale mechanical ventilation
tunnel to study the characteristics of smoke layer thickness and plug-holing with multiple …

Long-large subway tunnel accommodates the requirements of high-speed operation of
trains, but also poses challenges on smoke control in case of tunnel fire. In conjunction with …

A series of experiments were carried out in a model-scale tunnel [72 m (length)× 1.5 m
(width)× 1.3 m (height)] to investigate the buoyant flow stratification behaviors in a tunnel fire …

The present study investigates the maximum temperature and smoke back-layering length S
in the downhill direction from the fire source in a tilted tunnel under natural ventilation …

This paper investigates experimentally the thermal buoyant smoke back-layering flow length
beneath the tunnel ceiling with combination ceiling extraction and longitudinal ventilation …

To cope with fires in a subway station, ventilation systems are usually installed, which
includes an air supply system and a smoke exhaust system. In case of a train fire, the …

The use of interurban and urban trains has become the preferred choice for millions of daily
commuters around the world. Despite the huge public investment for train technology and …

A full-size metro train carriage (internal dimensions 19.1 m× 3.0 m× 2.65 m) is burned to
investigate the fire growth process during the initial-3-minute. The heat release rate (HRR) …

Experiments based on Froude scaling law were conducted in a 1/10 reduced-scale model
tunnel to investigate the effect of slope on critical velocity in tunnel with longitudinal …

A series of experimental tests were conducted in a 1/9 reduced-scale tunnel to investigate
the effect of sealing ratio (which is equal to the sealing height divided by the tunnel entrance …