With the rapid growth of the aquaculture production since the 1980s, there has been a
concomitant increase in disease outbreaks. The injudicious and/or incorrect use of …

China is one of the largest producers and consumers of antibiotics, and China is a larger
producer of livestock farming and aquaculture in the world. The livestock farming and …

Globally, aquaculture has faced serious economic problems due to bacterial, viral, and
various other infectious diseases of different origins. Even though such diseases are being …

Aquaculture is rapidly growing part of agriculture worldwide. It makes up around 44 percent
of total fish production globally. This increased growth of production is achieved despite …

Fish immunization has been carried out for over 50 years and is generally accepted as an
effective method for preventing a wide range of bacterial and viral diseases. Vaccination …

In recent years, aquaculture has attained a major economic revolution, however, infectious
diseases of bacterial, viral, mycotic and parasitic origin are the most significant restrictive …

Disease prevention and control are crucial in order to maintain a sustainable aquaculture,
both economically and environmentally. Prophylactic measures based on stimulation of the …

The limited number of oral vaccines currently approved for use in humans and veterinary
species clearly illustrates that development of efficacious and safe oral vaccines has been a …

Immersion vaccines are used for a variety of aquacultured fish to protect against infectious
diseases caused by bacteria and viruses. During immersion vaccination the antigens are …

Advances in genomics and the gradual reduction of cost for technologies like whole-
genome sequencing have provided exciting opportunities for developing modern …