Similar traits and functions commonly evolve in nature. Here, we explore patterns of
replicated evolution across the plant kingdom and discuss the processes responsible for …

When diverse lineages repeatedly adapt to similar environmental challenges, the extent to
which the same genes are involved (gene reuse) varies across systems. We propose that …

Understanding the extent to which ecological divergence is repeatable is essential for
predicting responses of biodiversity to environmental change. Here we test the predictability …

The genetic basis of parallel evolution of similar species is of great interest in evolutionary
biology. In the adaptive radiation of Lake Victoria cichlid fishes, sister species with either …

Parallel speciation occurs when selection drives repeated, independent adaptive
divergence that reduces gene flow between ecotypes. Classical examples show parallel …

Establishing the genetic and molecular basis underlying adaptive traits is one of the major
goals of evolutionary geneticists in order to understand the connection between genotype …

Modes and mechanisms of speciation are best studied in young species pairs. In older taxa,
it is increasingly difficult to distinguish what happened during speciation from what …

Evolution can repeat itself, resulting in parallel adaptations in independent lineages
occupying similar environments. Moreover, parallel evolution sometimes, but not always …

The article discusses annual and perennial reproductive strategies in plants. Topics
discussed include evolutionary transitions between perenniality and annuality in …

There is now abundant evidence of rapid evolution in natural populations, but the genetic
mechanisms of these changes remain unclear. One possible route to rapid evolution is …