Toxoplasma gondii is known to infect a considerable number of mammalian and avian
species and a substantial proportion of the world's human population. The parasite has an …

Herpetic infections have plagued humanity for thousands of years, but only recently have
advances in antiviral medications and supportive treatments equipped physicians to combat …

Background Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (NGS) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
has the potential to identify a broad range of pathogens in a single test. Methods In a 1-year …

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for pan-pathogen detection has been
successfully tested in proof-of-concept case studies in patients with acute illness of unknown …

Background Encephalitis has many causes, but for most patients the cause is unknown. We
aimed to establish the cause and identify the clinical differences between causes in patients …

Background Encephalitis rates by etiology and acute-phase outcomes for encephalitis in the
21st century are largely unknown. We sought to evaluate cause-specific rates of encephalitis …

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) remains one of the most devastating infections of the
central nervous system despite available antiviral therapy. Children and adolescents …

Background. Encephalitis is associated with significant mortality and morbidity, but its cause
remains largely unknown. We designed a national prospective study in France in 2007 to …

Encephalitis is a major cause of death worldwide. Although> 100 pathogens have been
identified as causative agents, the pathogen is not determined for up to 75% of cases. This …

Abstract The California Encephalitis Project was initiated in June 1998 to identify the causes
and characterize the clinical and epidemiologic features of encephalitis in California. Testing …