Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling triggers diverse biological actions in
inflammatory diseases. In tissue fibrosis, it acts as a key pathogenic regulator for promoting …

Cancer cell migration and invasion are integral components of metastatic disease, which is
the major cause of death in cancer patients. Cancer cells can disseminate and migrate via …

Cell motility is essential for life and development. Unfortunately, cell migration is also linked
to several pathological processes, such as cancer metastasis. Cells' ability to migrate relies …

The need for improved prediction of clinical response is driving the development of cancer
models with enhanced physiological relevance. A new concept of 'precision biomaterials' is …

An early step of metastasis requires a complex and coordinated migration of invasive tumor
cells into the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), which contains extracellular …

The lack of in vitro models that represent the native tumor microenvironment is a significant
challenge for cancer research. Two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture has long been the …

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer metastasis in which cancer cells
manipulate their metabolic profile to meet the dynamic energetic requirements of the tumor …

Mesenchymal stem cells have contributed to the continuous progress of tissue engineering
and regenerative medicine. Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSC) possess many advantages …

The tumor microenvironment contributes significantly to tumor initiation, progression, and
resistance to chemotherapy. Much of our understanding of the tumor and its …

The establishment of tumor microenvironment using biomimetic in vitro models that
recapitulate key tumor hallmarks including the tumor supporting extracellular matrix (ECM) is …