The adaptive immune system arose 500 million years ago in ectothermic (cold-blooded)
vertebrates. Classically, the adaptive immune system has been defined by the presence of …

Natural antibodies (NAb) are defined as germline encoded immunoglobulins found in
individuals without (known) prior antigenic experience. NAb bind exogenous (eg, bacterial) …

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is a large, cold-adapted teleost that sustains long-standing
commercial fisheries and incipient aquaculture,. Here we present the genome sequence of …

All metazoans possess innate immune defence system whereas parameters of the adaptive
immune system make their first appearance in the gnathostomata, the jawed vertebrates …

This review describes the extant knowledge on the teleostean mucosal adaptive immune
mechanisms, which is relevant for the development of oral or mucosal vaccines. In the last …

Immunoglobulins are glycoproteins which are produced as membrane-bound receptors on
B-cells or in a secreted form, known as antibodies. In teleosts, three immunoglobulin …

Lymphocytes are the responsible of adaptive responses, as they are classically described,
but evidence shows that subpopulations of mammalian lymphocytes may behave as innate …

Zebrafish is recently emerging as a model species for the study of immunology and human
diseases. Complement system is the humoral backbone of the innate immune defense, and …

Mucosal surfaces are the main route of entry for pathogens in all living organisms. In the
case of teleost fish, mucosal surfaces cover the vast majority of the animal. As these surfaces …

The purpose of this chapter is to provide readers with a general overview of the fish immune
system, including commonalities and particularities in comparison with higher vertebrate …