Skeletal muscles are essential for vital functions such as movement, postural support,
breathing, and thermogenesis. Muscle tissue is largely composed of long, postmitotic …

Muscle stem cells, termed satellite cells, are crucial for skeletal muscle growth and
regeneration. In healthy adult muscle, satellite cells are quiescent but poised for activation …

Forkhead box class O family member proteins (FoxOs) are highly conserved transcription
factors with important roles in cellular homeostasis. The four FoxO members in humans …

Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) persist in a quiescent state and activate in response to specific
stimuli. The quiescent state is both actively maintained and dynamically regulated. However …

Physical activity relies on muscular force. In adult skeletal muscle, force results from the
contraction of postmitotic, multinucleated myofibres of different contractile and metabolic …

FOXO1, a member of the FOXO forkhead type transcription factors, is markedly up-regulated
in skeletal muscle in energy-deprived states such as fasting and severe diabetes, but its …

Fork head box O (FOXO) transcription factor is a key player in an evolutionarily conserved
pathway. The mammalian FOXO family consists of FOXO1, 3, 4 and 6, are highly similar in …

The nuclear receptors CAR and PXR activate hepatic genes in response to therapeutic
drugs and xenobiotics, leading to the induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as …

Key points• Elderly individuals require a prolonged recovery phase in order to return to initial
muscle mass levels following short‐term immobilisation.• The cellular mechanisms …

The recent identification of signaling elements that regulate skeletal muscle protein balance
has provided the opportunity to determine how IGF-I alters these processes. Animal studies …