Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as a chronic sustained reduction in renal function
and/or structural change. CKD therefore, by this definition, includes patients with …

Background Urinalysis is necessary for the diagnostic evaluation of chronic kidney disease
in cats. Performing cystocentesis is not always feasible, but data comparing urine obtained …

Background Laboratory results are influenced by presence and severity of disease, as well
as preanalytical factors, analytical variation, and biological variation. Biological variation …

Background Up to 25% of elderly humans have proteinuria, often associated with underlying
lesions. Data concerning the presence of proteinuria in elderly dogs is scarce. Objectives To …

AIMS: To determine the effect of contamination of urine with 0–5% blood, varying in
haematocrit and protein concentrations, on the urine protein to creatinine ratio (UPC) in …

Objective of this study was to demonstrate the ubiquitous presence of glucose in urine of
euglycemic cats by a highly sensitive glucose assay. The local electronic database was …

OBJECTIVES Evaluation of urine albumin: creatinine ratio, urine cystatin C: creatinine ratio,
urine protein: creatinine ratio and urine specific gravity as screening tests for azotaemic …

Globally, there is an increasing awareness that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant
cause of mortality in non-domestic felids, both captive and free-ranging, with a high …

Background To date, little information is available about the effect of preanalytical factors on
the urinary protein‐to‐creatinine (UPC) ratio in cats. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the …

Simple Summary In animal medicine, laboratory test profiles containing selected blood or
urine parameters are used to diagnose diseases of a given organ. The normal values of the …