The automobile has been under constant development since the late 1800s. The many
classes of materials used to make today's vehicles are similar to the ones of the first …

Nozzle clogging during continuous casting of Ti-ULC (Ultra Low C) steel was investigated by
inspections of plant-used SENs and laboratory scale experiments using a rotating finger …

In order to effectively remove alumina inclusions suspending in ultra‐low C steel during RH
process, the dissolution kinetics of alumina in molten CaO–Al2O3–FetO–MgO–SiO2 oxide …

Several groups of cold-rolled, high-strength sheet steels have been developed to optimize
the required strength and formability levels for automotive applications. Multiphase steels …

Phase equilibria of Al 2 O 3–TiO x system were experimentally determined in a wide range
of T and PO 2: 1300° C≤ T≤ 1600° C and− 16.6≤ log PO 2≤− 8.0 (in atm). X-Ray …

The recovery and recrystallization kinetics in an 80 pct cold-rolled Ti-Nb stabilized interstitial-
free (IF) steel have been characterized for isothermal (500 to 760° C) and continuous …

CO gas generated by a carbothermic reaction in Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN) can
reoxidize an Ultra Low C (ULC) steel during continuous casting. When Ti presents in the …

Abstract Austenitic Fe-25Mn-1Al-0.3 C steel, cold-rolled and annealed at about 800° C,
exhibited 2.5 times higher tensile strength than current automotive ferritic sheet steel, while …

The very low C content in interstitial-free (IF) steel is achieved through vacuum degassing
and by adding Ti to Al-deoxidized molten steel during the steelmaking process. However …

Behavior of inclusions as particles on liquid Ultra-Low C (ULC) steel was investigated both
by an in-situ observation and a theoretical analysis. The behavior was examined in view of …