Toll-like receptor signaling and its role in cell-mediated immunity

T Duan, Y Du, C Xing, HY Wang, RF Wang - Frontiers in Immunology, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Innate immunity is the first defense system against invading pathogens. Toll-like receptors
(TLRs) are well-defined pattern recognition receptors responsible for pathogen recognition …

The NLR gene family: from discovery to present day

WC Chou, S Jha, MW Linhoff, JPY Ting - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2023 - nature.com
The mammalian NLR gene family was first reported over 20 years ago, although several
genes that were later grouped into the family were already known at that time. Although it is …

Impact of microbiota on central nervous system and neurological diseases: the gut-brain axis

Q Ma, C Xing, W Long, HY Wang, Q Liu… - Journal of …, 2019 - Springer
Abstract Development of central nervous system (CNS) is regulated by both intrinsic and
peripheral signals. Previous studies have suggested that environmental factors affect …

Comparative structure and function analysis of the RIG-I-like receptors: RIG-I and MDA5

M Brisse, H Ly - Frontiers in immunology, 2019 - frontiersin.org
RIG-I (Retinoic acid-inducible gene I) and MDA5 (Melanoma Differentiation-Associated
protein 5), collectively known as the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), are key protein sensors of …

Toll-like receptors in sepsis-associated cytokine storm and their endogenous negative regulators as future immunomodulatory targets

V Kumar - International immunopharmacology, 2020 - Elsevier
Cytokine storm generates during various systemic acute infections, including sepsis and
current pandemic called COVID-19 (severe) causing devastating inflammatory conditions …

Inhibitory feedback control of NF-κB signalling in health and disease

JA Prescott, JP Mitchell, SJ Cook - Biochemical Journal, 2021 - portlandpress.com
Cells must adapt to changes in their environment to maintain cell, tissue and organismal
integrity in the face of mechanical, chemical or microbiological stress. Nuclear factor-κB (NF …

RNA-induced liquid phase separation of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein facilitates NF-κB hyper-activation and inflammation

Y Wu, L Ma, S Cai, Z Zhuang, Z Zhao, S Jin… - Signal transduction and …, 2021 - nature.com
The ongoing 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has
posed a worldwide pandemic and a major global public health threat. The severity and …

Post-translational modification control of innate immunity

J Liu, C Qian, X Cao - Immunity, 2016 - cell.com
A coordinated balance between the positive and negative regulation of pattern-recognition
receptor (PRR)-initiated innate inflammatory responses is required to ensure the most …

Functional hallmarks of healthy macrophage responses: their regulatory basis and disease relevance

KM Sheu, A Hoffmann - Annual review of immunology, 2022 - annualreviews.org
Macrophages are first responders for the immune system. In this role, they have both effector
functions for neutralizing pathogens and sentinel functions for alerting other immune cells of …

A gut-vascular barrier controls the systemic dissemination of bacteria

I Spadoni, E Zagato, A Bertocchi, R Paolinelli, E Hot… - Science, 2015 - science.org
In healthy individuals, the intestinal microbiota cannot access the liver, spleen, or other
peripheral tissues. Some pathogenic bacteria can reach these sites, however, and can …