Background Neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, having an
age-standardised prevalence rate of 27.0 per 1000 population in 2019. This literature review …

Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by chronic and widespread musculoskeletal pain,
often accompanied by other symptoms, such as fatigue, intestinal disorders and alterations …

Executive summary Every infant, child, and adolescent will experience pain at times
throughout their life. Childhood pain ranges from acute to chronic, and includes procedural …

Pain thresholds are, in part, set as a function of emotional and internal states by descending
modulation of nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord. Neurons of the rostral …

Chronic pain states are highly prevalent and yet poorly controlled by currently available
analgesics, representing an enormous clinical, societal, and economic burden. Existing pain …

Substance P (SP) is a highly conserved member of the tachykinin peptide family that is
widely expressed throughout the animal kingdom. The numerous members of the tachykinin …

Fibromyalgia is a disorder that is part of a spectrum of syndromes that lack precise
classification. It is often considered as part of the global overview of functional somatic …

A wealth of research over the past 2 decades has expanded our understanding of the impact
of early‐life adversity on physiological function and, consequently, health and wellbeing in …

Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances and other
symptoms, and has a substantial socioeconomic impact. Current biomedical and …

Central sensitization (CS), simply defined as an amplified response of the central nervous
system to peripheral input, is a concept of great importance in clinical medicine. It has …