In blood, the primary role of red blood cells (RBCs) is to transport oxygen via highly
regulated mechanisms involving hemoglobin (Hb). Hb is a tetrameric porphyrin protein …

BACKGROUND Military enthusiasm for limb tourniquet use in combat casualty care has
resulted in acceptance by the trauma community for use in the prehospital care of civilian …

BACKGROUND To date, no civilian studies have demonstrated that pre-hospital (PH)
tourniquets improve survival. We hypothesized that late, trauma center (TC) tourniquet use …

The most comprehensive resource of its kind, Ciottone's Disaster Medicine, 2nd Edition,
thoroughly covers isolated domestic events as well as global disasters and humanitarian …

BACKGROUND A federal assault weapons ban has been proposed as a way to reduce
mass shootings in the United States. The Federal Assault Weapons Ban of 1994 made the …

Traumatic non-compressible hemorrhage is a leading cause of civilian and military mortality
and its treatment requires massive transfusion of blood components, especially platelets …

BACKGROUND The deadliest mass shooting in modern United States history occurred on
October 1, 2017, in Las Vegas, killing 58 and overwhelming hospitals with more than 600 …

Background: Mortality following shooting is related to time to provision of initial and definitive
care. An understanding of the wounding pattern, opportunities for rescue, and incidence of …

BACKGROUND: There are no studies correlating wounding pattern or probability of death
based on firearm type used in civilian public mass shooting (CPMS) events. Previous …

BACKGROUND: Although the survivability of military extremity hemorrhage is well
documented, equivalent civilian data are limited. We analyzed statewide autopsy records in …