Efforts to improve computer science education are underway, and teachers of computer
science are challenged in introductory programming courses to help learners develop their …

This article is a survey of program visualization systems intended for teaching beginners
about the runtime behavior of computer programs. Our focus is on generic systems that are …

AI code generators like OpenAI Codex have the potential to assist novice programmers by
generating code from natural language descriptions, however, over-reliance might …

In this report we consider the current status of the coverage of computer science in
education at the lowest levels of education in multiple countries. Our focus is on …

The focus of this research was to create and test an introductory computer science course for
middle school. Titled “Foundations for Advancing Computational Thinking”(FACT), the …

Programming in block-based environments is a key element of introductory computer
science (CS) curricula in K-12 settings. Past research conducted in the context of text-based …

Computing education is in enormous demand. Many students (both children and adult) are
realizing that they will need programming in the future. This book presents the argument that …

In this paper we review the literature relating to the psychological/educational study of
programming. We identify general trends comparing novice and expert programmers …

This paper reviews the literature relating to the factors that contribute to the difficulties in
learning of computer programming. Programming has been a difficult subject to learn and …

A study by a ITiCSE 2001 working group (" the McCracken Group") established that many
students do not know how to program at the conclusion of their introductory courses. A …