This study examines the empirical research on legal representation in delinquency
proceedings and situates it in the broader investigation of how states provide legal …

Black and male youths are overrepresented at every stage of juvenile justice processing.
The current study investigated racial, gender, and age disparities in the probability of a …

Thousands of children ages 12 and under are referred to juvenile justice systems each year,
and little is known about how their experiences may differ from those of older youth. The …

While prior research has consistently found the presence of extralegal disparities in juvenile
justice decision-making, less research has investigated the combined effects of a juvenile's …

Courts and scholars have advocated for the right to legal representation in the parole
process. The state examined in this study qualified that juvenile lifer parole candidates have …

The extent to which disproportionate minority contact (DMC) in the juvenile justice system
varies across states remains largely unknown. Using a multijurisdictional sample of 146 …

Compared with criminal sentencing decisions, limited research has assessed the impact of
an imagery of a “dangerous” offender on the interrelationships between race/ethnicity and …

America's juvenile justice system was founded on the notion that the juvenile court would
serve as the “ultimate parent” for youth. Yet, the history of youth punishment challenges the …

While prior studies of juvenile court outcomes have examined the impact of legal
representation on out-of-home placement versus community sanctions, previous research …

According to the focal concerns perspective, the concerns guiding judges' sentencing
considerations are blameworthiness and harm, community protection, and practical …