Carbohydrates are direct products of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation. Within a changing
temperature regime, both photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism need tight …

Low spring temperatures often occur during the winter wheat booting stage, when the young
ears are very sensitive to cold. In this study, we used two wheat varieties differing in cold …

Low temperatures in the autumn induce enhanced expression/relative accumulation of
several cold-inducible transcripts/proteins with protective functions from Late …

Calmodulin‐like proteins (CMLs) are one of the Ca2+ sensors in plants, but the functions of
most CMLs remain unknown. The regulation of cold tolerance and flowering time by …

Fall dormancy (FD) is an essential trait to overcome winter damage and for alfalfa (Medicago
sativa) cultivar selection. The plant regrowth height after autumn clipping is an indirect way …

Background Frequent freeze-thaw phenomena, together with widely used deicing salt and
intense acid precipitation, often occur in northeastern China, causing damage to various …

Cold environment is the main constraint for tea plants (Camellia sinensis) distribution and
tea farming. We identified two tea cultivars, called var. sinensis cv. Shuchazao (SCZ) with a …

The raffinose synthetase (RFS) and galactinol synthase (GolS) are two critical enzymes for
raffinose biosynthesis, which play an important role in modulating plant growth and in …

Sucrose metabolism plays a critical role in development, stress response, and yield
formation of plants. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is the key rate-limiting enzyme in the …

The lack of dwarf stock with good cold resistance has affected the production of apples in
northern China. Annual dormant branches of 'Tianhong 2'apple were grafted on 10 different …