Neurodegenerative disorders are primarily characterized by neuron loss. The most common
neurodegenerative disorders include Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Although there …

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed in non-enzymatic reaction, oxidation,
rearrangement and cross-linking between the active carbonyl groups of reducing sugars …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a vital boundary between neural tissue and circulating
blood. The BBB's unique and protective features control brain homeostasis as well as ion …

Amyloid-β (Aβ) is the predominant pathologic protein in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The
production and deposition of Aβ are important factors affecting AD progression and …

Growing evidence links COVID-19 with acute and long-term neurological dysfunction.
However, the pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in central nervous system …

Physical activity plays an essential role in maintaining a healthy body, yet it also provides
unique benefits for the vascular and cellular systems that sustain a healthy brain. While the …

As the primary protective barrier for neurons in the brain, the blood–brain barrier (BBB)
exists between the blood microcirculation system and the brain parenchyma. The normal …

Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a receptor of the immunoglobulin
super family that plays various important roles under physiological and pathological …

Late-onset dementia is a major health concern in the ageing population. Alzheimer's
disease (AD) accounts for the largest proportion (65–70%) of dementia cases in the older …

The cerebral vascular system stringently regulates cerebral blood flow (CBF). The
components of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) protect the brain from pathogenic infections …