▪ Abstract The organization and possible functions of basal forebrain and pontine cholinergic
systems are reviewed. Whereas the basal forebrain cholinergic neuronal projections likely …

At least five muscarinic receptors genes have been cloned and expressed. Muscarinic
receptors act via activation of G proteins: m1, m3 and m5 muscarinic receptors couple to …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the looming health crises of the near future. Increasing
lifespans and better medical treatment for other conditions mean that the prevalence of this …

The nucleus basalis (NB) of the human brain is a large, complex, and highly differentiated
structure. Many of its neurons are magnocellular, hyperchromic, isodendritic …

A profound loss of cortical cholinergic innervation is a nearlyinvariant feature of advanced
Alzheimer's disease (AD). The temporal course of this lesion and its relationship to other …

Nicotine and other nicotinic agonists have been found to improve performance on attention
and memory tasks. Clinical studies using nicotine skin patches have demonstrated the …

The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) has been valuable as a primate model in
biomedical research. Interest in this species has grown recently, in part due to the successful …

Nicotinic cholinergic systems are involved with several important aspects of cognitive
function including attention, learning and memory. Nicotinic cholinergic receptors are …

The neurotrophins are growth factors required by discrete neuronal cell types for survival
and maintenance, with a broad range of activities in the central and peripheral nervous …

Organophosphate (OP)-induced brain damage is defined as progressive damage to the
brain, resulting from the cholinergic neuronal excitotoxicity and dysfunction induced by OP …