The goal of limiting global warming to 1.5° C requires a drastic reduction in CO2 emissions
across many sectors of the world economy. Batteries are vital to this endeavor, whether used …

Transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), a family of two-dimensional (2D) inorganic
compounds, are materials composed of a few atomic layers of transition metal carbides …

Rechargeable lithium–oxygen (Li–O2) batteries are promising energy storage devices due
to their high theoretical energy density. However, the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen …

Despite their relatively high capacity, layered lithium transition metal oxides suffer from
crystal and interfacial structural instability under aggressive electrochemical and thermal …

Lithium–oxygen (Li–O2) batteries have been intensively investigated in recent decades for
their utilization in electric vehicles. The intrinsic challenges arising from O2 (electro) …

Energy density is the main property of rechargeable batteries that has driven the entire
technology forward in past decades. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) now surpass other …

Wide adaptation of intermittent renewable energies into the power grid and more affordable
electric vehicles cannot be realized without low-cost, high-energy, and long-life energy …

The rechargeable lithium–air battery has the highest theoretical specific energy of any
rechargeable battery and could transform energy storage if a practical device could be …

Lithium–air batteries are considered to be a potential alternative to lithium-ion batteries for
transportation applications, owing to their high theoretical specific energy. So far, however …

Energy storage and conversion systems, including batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells,
solar cells, and photoelectrochemical water splitting, have played vital roles in the reduction …