As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is rapidly progressing, the need for the development of an
effective vaccine is critical. A promising approach for vaccine development is to generate …

The ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease COVID-19 is significantly implicated by global
heterogeneity in the genome organization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus …

Codon usage bias (CUB) could reflect co-evolutionary changes between viruses and hosts
in contrast to plant and animal viruses, and the systematic analysis of codon usage among …

Codon optimization has evolved to enhance protein expression efficiency by exploiting the
genetic code's redundancy, allowing for multiple codon options for a single amino acid …

Viruses depend on their host's cellular structure to survive. Most of them do not have tRNAs,
their translation relies on hosts' tRNA pools. Over the course of evolution, viruses needed to …

In December 2019, rising pneumonia cases caused by a novel β-coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
occurred in Wuhan, China, which has rapidly spread worldwide, causing thousands of …

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) has threatened the global yield of Leguminosae crops, but the
mechanism of its infection, spread, and evolution remains unknown. A systemic analysis of …

The molecular evolutionary dynamics that shape hantaviruses' evolution are poorly
understood even now, besides the contribution of virus-host interaction to their evolution …

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute viral zoonosis carried and
transmitted by infected rodents through urine, droppings, or saliva. The etiology of HFRS is …

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) causes lumpy skin disease (LSD) in livestock, which is a
double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the genus Capripoxvirus of the family Poxviridae …