Patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease make up an
increasing proportion of the total pulmonary hypertension population who bring with them …

Pulmonary hypertension is associated with diverse cardiac, pulmonary, and systemic
diseases in neonates, infants, and older children and contributes to significant morbidity and …

This review discusses the management of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) and
atrioventricular septal defects (AVSDs). There are several types of VSDs: perimembranous …

A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a hole between the ventricles. They are characterized
into anatomic types based on their location relative to the components of the right ventricle …

5 Operability and Congenital Heart Disease monary hypertension postoperatively. 11
Operability is thus defined on the basis of the likelihood of a favorable vs. an unfavorable …

Cardiac catheterization is important in the diagnosis and risk stratification of pulmonary
hypertensive vascular disease (PHVD) in children. Acute vasoreactivity testing provides key …

The decision whether to repair congenital heart defects in patients with raised pulmonary
vascular resistance to alleviate pulmonary hypertension is a complex one. The degree of …

Challenges and special aspects related to the management and prognosis of pulmonary
hypertension (PH) in middle-to low-income regions (MLIRs) range from late presentation to …

Data from the Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-Term Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Disease Management (REVEAL) and the French registry estimate the prevalence of …

Preoperative pulmonary vascular disease remains an important risk factor for death or right-
heart failure in selected children undergoing two-ventricle repair, single-ventricle palliation …