This manuscript presents practical recommendations for managing acute attacks and
implementing preventive immunotherapies for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders …

Inflammatory myelopathies can manifest with a combination of motor, sensory and
autonomic dysfunction of variable severity. Depending on the underlying etiology, the …

Spinal cord involvement can be observed in the course of immune-mediated disorders.
Although multiple sclerosis (MS) represents the leading cause of inflammatory myelopathy …

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing, inflammatory disease of the
central nervous system marked by relapses often associated with poor recovery and long …

Introduction Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte
glycoprotein IgG antibody-associated disorders (MOGAD) comprise two groups of rare …

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been extensively applied in the study of multiple
sclerosis (MS), substantially contributing to diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and disease …

Background T1 hypointense lesions are considered a surrogate marker of tissue destruction.
Although there is a shortage of evidence about T1 hypointense brain lesions, black holes, in …

Levels of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and serum glial fibrillary acidic protein
(sGFAP) are useful biomarkers of disease activity and disability in neuromyelitis optica …

Approximately 36% of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) suffer
from severe visual and motor disability (blindness or light perception or unable to walk) with …

Objectives To explore the alternation of the brain baseline activity in neuromyelitis optica
spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients after myelitis, and characterize the representation of …