Natural biomolecular systems have evolved to form a rich variety of supramolecular
materials and machinery fundamental to cellular function. The assembly of these structures …

Many biomolecular condensates appear to form via spontaneous or driven processes that
have the hallmarks of intracellular phase transitions. This suggests that a common …

The assembly of biomolecules into condensates is a fundamental process underlying the
organisation of the intracellular space and the regulation of many cellular functions …

Biomolecular condensate formation has been implicated in a host of biological processes
and has found relevance in biology and disease. Understanding the physical principles and …

The maturation of liquid-like protein condensates into amyloid fibrils has been associated
with several neurodegenerative diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying …

The design and construction of synthetic cells–human‐made microcompartments that mimic
features of living cells–have experienced a real boom in the past decade. While many efforts …

Complex coacervated-based assemblies form when two oppositely charged polyelectrolytes
combine to phase separate into a supramolecular architecture. These architectures range …

Here, we review the recent progress in the characterisation and utilisation of coacervates as
protocell models in origin of life studies. We provide evidence that coacervation could have …

Artificial cells are synthetic constructs that emulate natural cells, with potential applications in
areas of energy science, environmental treatment, and the study of life's origins …

Phase separation is thought to underlie spatial and temporal organization that is required for
controlling biochemical reactions in cells. Multivalence of interaction motifs, also known as …