Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among
patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM can lead to multiple cardiovascular complications …

Diabetes-associated morbidity and mortality is predominantly due to complications of the
disease that may cause debilitating conditions, such as heart and renal failure, hepatic …

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide, especially beyond
the age of 65 years, with the vast majority of morbidity and mortality due to myocardial …

Approximately 20% of the world's population will be around or above 65 years of age by the
next decade. Out of these, 40% are suspected to have cardiovascular diseases as a cause …

The aorta is a blood vessel that provides a low-resistance path for blood flow directed from
the heart to peripheral organs and tissues. However, the aorta has another central …

The normal pulmonary circulation is a low-pressure, high-compliance system. Pulmonary
arterial compliance decreases in the presence of pulmonary hypertension because of …

Medial vascular calcification, associated with enhanced mortality in chronic kidney disease
(CKD), is fostered by osteo-/chondrogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle …

Background The high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of patients with CKD may result
in large part from medial vascular calcification, a process promoted by hyperphosphatemia …

Mitochondria are crucial bioenergetics powerhouses and biosynthetic hubs within cells,
which can generate and sequester toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to …

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease that arises from multiple etiologies
and ultimately leads to right heart failure as the predominant cause of morbidity and …