In this paper, we examine the relevance of non-tariff measures (NTMs) at the 6-digit level of
the Harmonised System over the period 2002-2011 by estimating ad valorem equivalents …

In all the previous studies evaluating the Ad Valorem Equivalent (AVE) of Non-Tariff
Measures (NTMs) based on a gravity equation, Jensen's inequality is not considered. Yet …

Combining analyses at the aggregate and sectoral levels offers the richest perspective for
understanding Africa's place in global agricultural trade. International economic theory tells …

In the current globalization process, geographical and local production processes are
intertwined through global value chains (GVC). In the presence of GVCs, import tariffs …

In recent years, the Indian Ocean Rim Association has witnessed an increasing trend in the
use of non-tariff measures (NTMs). This study evaluated the impact of NTMs in the Indian …

In this paper, we examine the relevance of non-tariff measures (NTMs) at the 6-digit level of
the Harmonised System over the period 2002-2011 by estimating ad-valorem equivalents …