Cellular associations in the bone microenvironment are involved in modulating the balance
between bone remodeling and resorption, which is necessary for maintaining a normal bone …

Estrogens and androgens influence the growth and maintenance of the mammalian
skeleton and are responsible for its sexual dimorphism. Estrogen deficiency at menopause …

The development of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations for targeting the bone
microenvironment holds significant potential for nucleic acid therapeutic applications …

Bone remodeling is essential for adult bone homeostasis. It comprises two phases: bone
formation and resorption. The balance between the two phases is crucial for sustaining bone …

Osteoblasts, the bone-forming cells of the remodeling unit, are essential for growth and
maintenance of the skeleton. Clinical disorders of substrate availability (eg, diabetes …

Population ageing is increasing in prevalence in most developed countries. Ageing is the
decline of functional properties at the cellular, tissue, and organ level. Biochemical changes …

Inflammation is a physiological process that repairs tissues in response to endogenous or
exogenous aggressions. Nevertheless, a chronic state of inflammation may have detrimental …

Physical activity, by definition, is any skeletal muscle body movement that results in energy
expenditure. In the last few decades, a plethora of scientific evidences have accumulated …

Despite the widespread observations on the osteogenic effects of magnesium ion (Mg2+),
the diverse roles of Mg2+ during bone healing have not been systematically dissected …

Estrogen is the major hormonal regulator of bone metabolism in women and men.
Therefore, there is considerable interest in unraveling the pathways by which estrogen …