The trillions of microbes living in the gut—the gut microbiota—play an important role in
human biology and disease. While much has been done to explore its diversity, a full …

Many species of fungi have been detected in the healthy human gut; however, nearly half of
all taxa reported have only been found in one sample or one study. Fungi capable of …

We have entered the Age of the Microbiome, with new studies appearing constantly and
whole journals devoted to the human microbiome. While bacteria outnumber other gut …

Coprolites are a highly informative but still underutilized proxy for understanding past
environments, palaeodiets, and ancient human health. Here we provide a critical review of …

The process of natural mummification is a rare and unique process from which little is known
about the resulting microbial community structure. In the present study, we characterized the …

The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has increased, coinciding with lifestyle changes that
have likely altered the gut microbiota. Dysbiosis, gut barrier dysfunction, and elevated …

Humans are supra-organisms co-evolved with microbial communities (Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic), named the microbiome. These microbiomes supply essential ecosystem …

Taking a Waddingtonian system approach, I discuss some of the implications of recent
epigenetic research for the study of social systems. A growing number of investigations …

Over the past 50,000 y, biotic extinctions and declines have left a legacy of vacant niches
and broken ecological interactions across global terrestrial ecosystems. Reconstructing the …

Coprolites (fossil faeces) provide direct evidence on the diet of its producer and unique
insights on ancient food webs and ecosystems. We describe the contents of seven …