Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in the course of atherosclerosis are one of the most critical
public health problems in the world. Endothelial cells synthesize numerous biologically …

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is an additional special type of adipose tissue
surrounding blood vessels. Under physiological conditions, PVAT plays a significant role in …

Healthy lifestyle and diet are associated with significant reduction in risk of obesity, type 2
diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress and the imbalance between …

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is not a single disease but a cluster of metabolic disorders
associated with increased risk for development of diabetes mellitus and its complications …

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) increases the risk of diabetes, while diabetes increases the
risk of PAD, and certain symptoms in each disease increase the risk of contracting the other …

The vascular endothelium plays a vital role during embryogenesis and aging and is a cell
monolayer that lines the blood vessels. The immune system recognizes the endothelium as …

Ischemic stroke remains the fifth cause of death, as reported worldwide annually.
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) manifesting with lower nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability leads to …

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease depending on the buildup, called plaque, of
lipoproteins, cholesterol, extracellular matrix elements, and various types of immune and …

Obesity is a worldwide trend that is growing in incidence very fast. Adipose tissue
dysfunction caused by obesity is associated with the generation of oxidative stress. Obesity …

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has become an important part of the therapeutic process in
various diseases. However, despite the broad use of LLLT in everyday clinical practice, the …