Background Warfarin is a highly effective anticoagulant however its effectiveness relies on
maintaining INR in therapeutic range. Finding the correct dose is difficult due to large inter …

Human cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) accounts for∼ 20% of total hepatic CYP content
and metabolizes∼ 15% clinically used drugs including S-warfarin, tolbutamide, phenytoin …

Summary Background VKORC1 and CYP2C9 are important contributors to warfarin dose
variability, but explain less variability for individuals of African descent than for those of …

Warfarin-dosing algorithms incorporating CYP2C9 and VKORC1− 1639G> A improve dose
prediction compared with algorithms based solely on clinical and demographic factors …

Well‐characterized genes that affect warfarin metabolism (cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9)
and sensitivity (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 (VKORC1)) explain one‐third of the …

The objective of this study was to determine whether, in African‐American patients,
additional vitamin K oxidoreductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1), cytochrome P450 2C9 …

BACKGROUND: In patients with kidney impairment, warfarin, a drug metabolized primarily
by the cytochrome P-450 system, is initiated at similar doses and managed similarly as in …

Warfarin dosing algorithms adjust for race, assigning a fixed effect size to each predictor,
thereby attenuating the differential effect by race. Attenuation likely occurs in both race …

Inherited genetic variations in pharmacogenetic loci are widely acknowledged as important
determinants of phenotypic differences in drug response, and may be actionable in the …

Objective We assessed the influence of age on warfarin dose, percentage time in target
range (PTTR), and risk of major hemorrhage. Design Warfarin users recruited into a large …