The original queen honey bee migration (QHBM) was developed for independent action on
solving efficient mobile routing in WSN. In this article, we enhanced the original QHBM using …

This paper addresses the energy efficiency of cooperative communication in WSN. We first
establish the energy model of single-hop WSN. It is found that the cooperative …

In recent times, many MAC protocols were implemented for boosting and improving energy
efficiency (EE) in WSNs. Moreover, the cooperative MIMO method is found to be much …

Energy consumption in wireless communication includes amplifier energy consumption and
circuit energy consumption. In short-distance communications, circuit energy consumption …

Spatial modulation (SM) is a promising technique for 5G systems as it guarantees good data
rate at reduced complexity. Increased data rate and increased energy efficiency is possible …

The lifetime of wireless sensor network (WSN) is reduced due to the impact caused by
channel fading, interference and unbalanced energy consumption. The node's energy is …

Wireless sensor networks are a class of distributed systems that are the integral part of the
physical space they inhabit. Unlike most of computers, which work primarily with the data …

Network lifetime is one of the serious issues of energy-starved Wireless Sensor Networks
(WSNs). In this paper, an Extended Lifetime with Minimum Energy Consumption (ELMEC) …

Fault tolerance is the key technology in wireless sensor networks which attracts many
research interests. Aiming at the issue that the nodes' failures affect the network's stability …

Cooperative MIMO (CMIMO) communications have transformed channel fading from a
negative factor that should be mitigated into a positive factor that can be exploited in …