Solar energy, amongst all renewable energies, has attracted inexhaustible attention all over
the world as a supplier of sustainable energy. The energy requirement of major seawater …

Various hybrid desalination systems have been proposed during the last two decades to
improve the produced water quality, energy efficiency, water production rate and …

The utilization of multi-effect distillation (MED) in thermal desalination processes is more
widespread owing to lower energy consumption. The focus of this paper is to optimize the …

This study investigates the concept of using heat to enhance reverse osmosis (RO)
desalination. An analytical model is used to evaluate the effect of temperature on water …

Before the terms “smart city” and “floating city” were introduced, the world's population had
increased and land shortage across the world was already widely recognized. As a first …

For life to exist on earth, there must be water. Freshwater resources are in short supply due
to industrialization and the world's rapid population expansion. Growing water shortage …

The desalination of saltwater is a viable option to produce freshwater. All the desalination
processes are energy-intensive and can be carried out on a large scale. Therefore …

Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) plays a unique role in liquid phase mass transfer
and acid-alkali preparation, so BMED wastewater treatment and reuse applications are …

Energy and freshwater are the most prioritized needs for any nation nowadays, especially
for arid areas. Giving attention to renewable energy sources like solar energy is a must …

Solar vapor generation (SVG) represents a promising technique for seawater desalination to
alleviate the global water crisis and energy shortage. One of its main bottleneck problems is …