Reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, are generated
as byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria or via cell signaling-induced …

The ageing process is a systemic decline from cellular dysfunction to organ degeneration,
with more predisposition to deteriorated disorders. Rejuvenation refers to giving aged cells …

The vascularization of engineered tissues and organoids has remained a major unresolved
challenge in regenerative medicine. While multiple approaches have been developed to …

Phosphatidylinositide 3 kinases (PI3Ks) and their downstream mediators AKT and
mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) constitute the core components of the …

Endothelial cells (ECs) are more than inert blood vessel lining material. Instead, they are
active players in the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) both in health and (life …

Cancer cells frequently display fundamentally altered cellular metabolism, which provides
the biochemical foundation and directly contributes to tumorigenicity and malignancy …

The discovery of somatic cell nuclear transfer proved that somatic cells can carry the same
genetic code as the zygote, and that activating parts of this code are sufficient to reprogram …

Emerging evidence now indicates that mitochondria are central regulators of neural stem
cell (NSC) fate decisions and are crucial for both neurodevelopment and adult …

In contrast to terminally differentiated cells, cancer cells and stem cells retain the ability to re-
enter the cell cycle and proliferate. To proliferate, cells must increase their uptake and …

Cancer and stem cells appear to share a common metabolic profile that is characterized by
high utilization of glucose through aerobic glycolysis. In the presence of sufficient nutrients …