Pain control is one of the most important therapeutic priorities; nonetheless, inadequate pain
relief remains a significant health care issue. Thus, it is important to determine whether the …

Nitric oxide (NO) plays pivotal roles in controlling physiological functions, participates in
pathophysiological intervention, and is involved in mechanisms underlying beneficial or …

The nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3), an intracellular
signaling molecule that senses many environmental-and pathogen/host-derived factors, has …

CHRONOBIOLOGY investigates biologic rhythms that are involved in the organization of
living organisms. 1 Biologic rhythms consist of variations of biologic phenomena that are …

Pain behavior and the systems that mediate opioid analgesia and opioid reward processing
display circadian rhythms. Moreover, the pain system and opioid processing systems …

Many tests are used to assess nociception in laboratory animals. The objective of this study
was to compare morphine potency across tests. Rats were injected with saline or morphine …

This study was performed to investigate whether nitric oxide (NO) precursor (L-arginine), NO
donor (S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, SNAP) and NO synthase inhibitors [NG-nitro-L …

We examined whether nitric oxide (NO), derived from constitutive NO synthase (NOS) and/or
inducible NOS (iNOS), could contribute to endotoxin-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia via …

In a previous study, our laboratory reported that sildenafil citrate, a cyclic nucleotide
phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, reversed a learning impairment in rats induced by …

Potential action of ultra‐wideband (UWB) electromagnetic field pulses on effects of NG‐nitro‐
l‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), on nociception …