Basal or standard metabolic rate reflects the minimum amount of energy required to
maintain body processes, while the maximum metabolic rate sets the ceiling for aerobic …

Phenotypic plasticity–the ability of an individual organism to alter its features in direct
response to a change in its environment–is ubiquitous. Understanding how and why this …

Obesity is caused by a prolonged positive energy balance,. Whether reduced energy
expenditure stemming from reduced activity levels contributes is debated,. Here we show …

Climate change is threatening biodiversity world-wide. One of its most prominent
manifestations are rising global temperatures and higher frequencies of heat waves. High …

To fully comprehend and predict the impact of drivers of global change such as climate
warming and pollution, integrated multi‐trait approaches are needed. As organismal traits …

Understanding if and how individuals and populations cope with environmental change is
an enduring question in evolutionary ecology that has renewed importance given the pace …

Costs of reproduction are an integral and long-standing component of life-history theory, but
we still know relatively little about the specific physiological mechanisms underlying these …

Despite our rapidly advancing mechanistic understanding of vertebrate immunity under
controlled laboratory conditions, the links between immunity, infection and fitness under …

Glucocorticoid hormones (GCs) are often assumed to be indicators of stress. At the same
time, one of their fundamental roles is to facilitate metabolic processes to accommodate …

This article provides a brief historical perspective on the integration of physiology into the
concept of the pace of life of birds, evaluates the fit of immune function into this framework …