(1) Background: New pulse modulation (PM) technologies in Holmium: YAG lasers are
available for urinary stone treatment, but little is known about them. We aim to systematically …

Abstract Holmium: yttrium–aluminum-garnet (Ho: YAG) laser lithotripsy (LL) has been the
treatment of choice for kidney stone disease for more than two decades, yet the mechanisms …

Background and objective The aim of our review was to comprehensively evaluate the
impact of pulse modulation technology in the field of endourology, with a focus on laser …

To investigate the effects of fiber lateral scanning speed across the stone surface (vfiber)
and fiber standoff distance (SD) on dusting efficiency during short pulse holmium (Ho): YAG …

Introduction: Laser lithotripsy can cause excessive heating of fluid within the collecting
system and lead to tissue damage. To better understand this effect, it is important to …

Introduction: Ureteral thermal injury has been reported in patients following ureteroscopy
with laser lithotripsy due to overheating of fluid within the ureter. Proper understanding of …

Purpose To identify laser lithotripsy settings used by experts for specific clinical scenarios
and to identify preventive measures to reduce complications. Methods After literature …

BACKGROUND: Electrical intravascular lithotripsy (E-IVL) uses shock waves to fracture
calcified plaque. AIMS: We aimed to demonstrate the ability of laser IVL (L-IVL) to fracture …

Objectives During holmium: yttrium–aluminum–garnet (holmium: YAG) laser lithotripsy to
break urinary stones, urologists frequently see flashes of light. As infrared laser pulses are …

Purpose Little is known about the soft tissue destruction by holmium laser clinically used for
holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), subject to the distance between the …