Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease is a growing health burden world wide. Traditional and
mutual risk factors between CVD and CKD are age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is not only one of the main complications of diabetes, but
also the leading cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The occurrence and …

The original KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Blood Pressure in
Chronic Kidney Disease in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population not receiving …

Description: The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2021 clinical
practice guideline for the management of blood pressure (BP) in patients with chronic kidney …

Background Diabetes is the commonest cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Both
conditions commonly co‐exist. Glucometabolic changes and concurrent dialysis in diabetes …

Hypertension affects the vast majority of patients with CKD and increases the risk of
cardiovascular disease, ESKD, and death. Over the past decade, a number of hypertension …

A prospective observational study was conducted to investigate the residual risk factors to
predict recurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in atherosclerotic …

The impact of ambient particulate matter (PM) on public health has become a great global
concern, which is especially prominent in developing countries. For health purposes, PM is …

Background The prevalence of diabetes is on the rise globally coupled with its associated
complications, such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). Obesity has been identified as a risk …

Background Obesity is associated with adverse health events among diabetic patients,
however, the relationship between obesity fluctuation and risk of microvascular …