The gut–brain axis refers to the bidirectional communication between the gut and brain, and
regulates intestinal homeostasis and the central nervous system via neural networks and …

The innate immune system in the central nervous system (CNS) is mainly represented by
specialized tissue‐resident macrophages, called microglia. In the past years, various …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized
by deficits in social communication, social interaction, and repetitive restricted behaviors …

Cognitive impairment has been consistently found to be a core feature of serious mental
illnesses such as schizophrenia and major mood disorders (major depression and bipolar …

The gut microbiota is emerging as an important player in neurodevelopment and aging as
well as in brain diseases including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease …

The gut–brain axis augments the bidirectional communication between the gut and brain
and modulates gut homeostasis and the central nervous system through the hypothalamic …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heritable neurodevelopmental condition associated
with impairments in social interaction, communication and repetitive behaviors. While the …

Chronic social isolation stress (SIS) could impair learning and memory-related behaviors.
Herein, we investigated the efficacy of Melatonin in treatment of memory despair and also its …

Developmental disabilities are defined as disorders that result in the limitation of function
due to impaired development of the nervous system; these disabilities can be present in the …

Recent studies have shown promise for the use of probiotics in modulating behaviour
through the microbiota–gut–brain axis. In the present study, we assessed the impact of two …