Molecular oxygen (O2) sustains intracellular bioenergetics and is consumed by numerous
biochemical reactions, making it essential for most species on Earth. Accordingly, decreased …

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic form of programmed cell death driven by
excessive lipid peroxidation (LPO). Mounting evidence suggests that the unique modality of …

Autophagy influences cell survival through maintenance of cell bioenergetics and clearance
of protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Several lines of evidence indicate that …

Hypoxia induicible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a key transcription factor in cancer progression
and target therapy in cancer. HIF-1α acts differently depending on presence or absence of …

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, oxidative cell death, and is distinct from apoptosis,
necrosis and autophagy. In this study, we demonstrated that lysosome disrupting agent …

Apoptosis or programmed cell death is natural way of removing aged cells from the body.
Most of the anti-cancer therapies trigger apoptosis induction and related cell death networks …

It is controversial whether cells truly die via autophagy or whether—in dying cells—
autophagy is merely an innocent bystander or a well-intentioned 'Good Samaritan'trying to …

As a ubiquitous degradation process in cells, autophagy plays important roles in various
biological activities. However, the abnormality of autophagy is closely related to many …

Autophagy as a means of cell killing was first advanced by Clark's phenotypic description of
'Type II autophagic cell death'in 1990. However, this phenomenon later came into question …

Mitochondria are essential organelles that regulate cellular energy homeostasis and cell
death. The removal of damaged mitochondria through autophagy, a process called …