BACKGROUND: Women with a family history of breast cancer are at increased risk of the
disease, but no study has been large enough to characterise reliably how, over women's …

Breast cancers classified by estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR)
expression have different clinical, pathologic, and molecular features. We examined existing …

BACKGROUND: Although childbearing is known to protect against breast cancer, whether
or not breastfeeding contributes to this protective effect is unclear. METHODS: Individual …

Alcohol and tobacco consumption are closely correlated and published results on their
association with breast cancer have not always allowed adequately for confounding …

The etiology of breast cancer might be explained by 2 mechanisms, namely, differentiation
and proliferation of breast epithelial cells mediated by hormonal factors. We performed a …

Objective There is no universal consensus on the relationship between body mass index
(BMI) and breast cancer. This meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the overall effect of …

Associations between height and cancer risk have been reported in a number of prospective
studies (1, 2). Taller individuals appear to be at increased risk. Furthermore, ecologic …

BACKGROUND: The Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer has
brought together the worldwide epidemiological evidence on the possible relation between …

OBJECTIVE To perform a meta-analysis of case-control studies that addressed whether
prior oral contraceptive (OC) use is associated with premenopausal breast cancer …

Animal experiments and in vitro studies have shown that compounds found in tobacco
smoke, such as polycyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic amines, and N-nitrosamines, may induce …