Cellular hypoxia occurs when the demand for sufficient molecular oxygen needed to
produce the levels of ATP required to perform physiological functions exceeds the vascular …

Few metabolites can claim a more central and versatile role in cell metabolism than acetyl
coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). Acetyl-CoA is produced during nutrient catabolism to fuel the …

Hypoxia is prevalent in human tumours and contributes to microenvironments that shape
cancer evolution and adversely affect therapeutic outcomes. Historically, two different …

Metabolic homeostasis in mammals is tightly regulated by the complementary actions of
insulin and glucagon. The secretion of these hormones from pancreatic β-cells and α-cells …

As knowledge of cell metabolism has advanced, glutamine has been considered an
important amino acid that supplies carbon and nitrogen to fuel biosynthesis. A recent study …

Recent evidence in humans and mice supports the notion that mitochondrial metabolism is
active and necessary for tumor growth. Mitochondrial metabolism supports tumor anabolism …

Mutations in the genes encoding the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial forms of isocitrate
dehydrogenase (IDH1 and IDH2, respectively; collectively referred to as IDH) are frequently …

In order to meet the high energy demand, a metabolic reprogramming occurs in cancer cells.
Its role is crucial in promoting tumor survival. Among the substrates in demand, oxygen is …

Tumors display reprogrammed metabolic activities that promote cancer progression. We
currently possess a limited understanding of the processes governing tumor metabolism in …

As an essential organelle in nucleated eukaryotic cells, mitochondria play a central role in
energy metabolism, maintenance of redox balance, and regulation of apoptosis …