Twenty-five years have passed since the discovery of cyclic dimeric (3′→ 5′) GMP (cyclic
di-GMP or c-di-GMP). From the relative obscurity of an allosteric activator of a bacterial …

Most bacterial pathogens have the remarkable ability to flourish in the external environment
and in specialized host niches. This ability requires their metabolism, physiology, and …

The ability of Salmonella to form complex surface-associated communities, called biofilms,
contributes to its resistance and persistence in both host and non-host environments and is …

The formation of bacterial biofilms is initiated by cells transitioning from the free-swimming
mode of growth to a surface. This review is aimed at highlighting the common themes that …

The flagellum and the injectisome are two of the most complex and fascinating bacterial
nanomachines. At their core, they share a type III secretion system (T3SS), a transmembrane …

Bacteria have a tendency to attach to surfaces and grow as structured communities called
biofilms. Chronic biofilm infections are a problem because they tend to resist antibiotic …

The sequence-specific RNA binding protein CsrA is employed by diverse bacteria in the
posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. Its binding interactions with RNA have …

Acute bacterial infections are associated with motility and cytotoxicity via the type III
secretion system (T3SS), while chronic infections are linked to biofilm formation and reduced …

Extracellular polysaccharides are important components of biofilms. In non‐mucoid
Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, the Pel and Psl polysaccharides are major structural …

Coupled transcription-translation (CTT) is a hallmark of prokaryotic gene expression. CTT
occurs when ribosomes associate with and initiate translation of mRNAs whose transcription …