Anthropogenic climate change and environmental degradation destroy coral reefs, the
ecosystem services they provide, and the livelihoods of close to a billion people who …

Coral reef ecosystems have suffered an unprecedented loss of habitat-forming hard corals
in recent decades. While marine conservation has historically focused on passive habitat …

Ocean and coastal ecosystems support life on Earth and many aspects of human well-being.
Covering two-thirds of the planet, the ocean hosts vast biodiversity and modulates the global …

Maintaining coral reef ecosystems is a social imperative, because so many people depend
on coral reefs for food production, shoreline protection, and livelihoods. The survival of reefs …

The world's coral reefs are rapidly transforming, with decreasing coral cover and new
species configurations. These new Anthropocene reefs pose a challenge for conservation; …

Summary The United Nations General Assembly calls for ecosystem restoration to be a
primary intervention strategy used to counter the continued loss of natural habitats …

Tropical corals live close to their upper thermal limit making them vulnerable to unusually
warm summer sea temperatures. The resulting thermal stress can lead to breakdown of the …

Resilience underpins the sustainability of both ecological and social systems. Extensive loss
of reef corals following recent mass bleaching events have challenged the notion that …

Recent increases in the frequency of Extreme Climate Events (ECEs) such as heatwaves
and floods have been attributed to climate change, and could have pronounced ecosystem …

Coral reefs rely upon the highly optimized coral–Symbiodiniaceae symbiosis, making them
sensitive to environmental change and susceptible to anthropogenic stress. Coral bleaching …