Concerns regarding petroleum depletion and global climate change caused by greenhouse
gas emissions have spurred interest in renewable alternatives to fossil fuels. Third …

The replacement of fossil resources that currently provide more than 90% of our energy
needs and feedstocks of the chemical industry in combination with reduced emission of …

Six CO 2 fixation pathways are known to operate in photoautotrophic and chemoautotrophic
microorganisms. Here, we describe chemolithoautotrophic growth of the sulphate-reducing …

Prebiotic chemistry aims to explain how the biochemistry of life as we know it came to be.
Most efforts in this area have focused on provisioning compounds of importance to life by …

It has recently been shown that in anaerobic microorganisms the tricarboxylic acid (TCA)
cycle, including the seemingly irreversible citrate synthase reaction, can be reversed and …

The anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to sulfate reduction is a microbially mediated
process requiring a syntrophic partnership between anaerobic methanotrophic (ANME) …

Background Archaea represent a significant fraction of Earth's biodiversity, yet they remain
much less well understood than Bacteria. Gene surveys, a few metagenomic studies, and …

Increasing CO 2 levels in atmosphere has led to the unprecedented climate change in
recent years. Conventional methods for CO 2 capture are often cost inefficient, unsafe and …

Autotrophic archaeal and bacterial ammonia-oxidisers (AOA and AOB) drive soil nitrification.
Ammonia limitation, mixotrophy, and pH have been suggested as factors providing niche …

Methanogenic and methanotrophic archaea play important roles in the global flux of
methane. Culture-independent approaches are providing deeper insight into the diversity …