There is an emerging consensus that spatial thinking plays a fundamental role in how
people conceive, express, and perform mathematics. However, the underlying nature of this …

The underrepresentation of women at the top of math-intensive fields is controversial, with
competing claims of biological and sociocultural causation. The authors develop a …

Prior research has revealed robust and consistent relations between spatial and
mathematical skills. Yet, establishing a causal relation has been met with mixed effects. To …

This article proposes an integrated theory of acquisition of knowledge about whole numbers
and fractions. Although whole numbers and fractions differ in many ways that influence their …

Spatial skill is highly related to success in math and science (eg, Casey, Nuttall, Pezaris, &
Benbow, 1995). However, little work has investigated the cognitive pathways by which the …

Several psychophysical and neuropsychological investigations have suggested that the
mental representation of numbers takes the form of a number line along which magnitude is …

An association of numbers and space (SNARC effect) has been examined in an ever
growing literature. In the present quantitative meta-analysis, 46 studies with a total of 106 …

The literature on spatial associations during number processing is dominated by the SNARC
(spatial–numerical association of response codes) effect. We describe spatial biases found …

This study compared the spatial representation of numbers in three groups of adults:
Canadians, who read both English words and Arabic numbers from left to right; Palestinians …

Although synesthesia has been known about for 200 years, it is only in the past decade or
so that substantial progress has been made in studying it empirically and in understanding …