The IL (interleukin)-6-type cytokines IL-6, IL-11, LIF (leukaemia inhibitory factor), OSM
(oncostatin M), ciliary neurotrophic factor, cardiotrophin-1 and cardiotrophin-like cytokine are …

The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) family of proteins was first
discovered in the 1990's as key proteins in cytokine signaling. Since then, the field has …

Classical dendritic cells (cDC) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) that regulate
immunity and tolerance. Neutrophil-derived cells with properties of DCs (nAPC) are …

Immune escape is a crucial feature of cancer progression about which little is known.
Elevation of the immunomodulatory enzyme indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) in tumor …

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exists in the nucleus of highly proliferative cells
where it functions as a transcription factor. Although EGFR has transactivational activity, it …

Members of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathway, which
were originally identified as key components linking cytokine signals to transcriptional …

Immune escape is a critical gateway to malignancy. The emergence of this fundamental trait
of cancer represents the defeat of immune surveillance, a potent, multi-armed and essential …

This review details the molecular virology of the hepatitis E virus (HEV). While replicons and
in vitro infection systems have recently become available, a lot of information on HEV has …

Type I interferons (IFNs) are best known for their role in innate immunity, but they are also
involved in other functions including immunomodulation, restricting proliferation, cancer …

Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) coordinate a broad spectrum of cellular responses to
extracellular stimuli and cell–cell interactions during development, tissue homeostasis, and …