The outbreaks of viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), caused by nervous necrosis
virus (NNV), represent one of the main infectious threats for marine aquaculture worldwide …

In recent years, with the advent of next-generation sequencing along with the development
of various bioinformatics tools, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq)-based transcriptome analysis …

Disease and parasitism cause major welfare, environmental and economic concerns for
global aquaculture. In this review, we examine the status and potential of technologies that …

Immunological memory can be regarded as the key aspect of adaptive immunity, ie a
specific response to first contact with an antigen, which in mammals is determined by the …

In aquaculture, the prevention and control of viral disease are critical for successful fish
farming. In last decades, Micropterus salmoides exhibited great economic values of its good …

Cell-mediated cytotoxicity is a complex immune mechanism that involves the release of
several killing molecules, being perforin (PRF) one of the most important effector players …

This review describes and summarizes the knowledge on established and experimental
vaccines developed against viral and bacterial pathologies affecting the most important …

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) cytokine comprises a family of six ligands in mammals with
proinflammatory functions, having an important role in autoimmune disorders and against …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a potent arm of the innate immune system that can
directly kill pathogens and induce immunomodulation. In the marine aquaculture, European …

Viral diseases are responsible for high rates of mortality and subsequent economic losses in
modern aquaculture. The nervous necrosis virus (NNV) produces viral encephalopathy and …