The study of plant mitochondria started in earnest around 1950 with the first isolations of
mitochondria from animal and plant tissues. The first 35 years were spent establishing the …

Amino acids have various prominent functions in plants. Besides their usage during protein
biosynthesis, they also represent building blocks for several other biosynthesis pathways …

Transient physical association between enzymes appears to be a cardinal feature of
metabolic systems, yet the purpose of this metabolic organisation remains enigmatic. It is …

Although amino acids are critical for all forms of life, only proteogenic amino acids that
humans and animals cannot synthesize de novo and therefore must acquire in their diets …

The respiratory pathways of glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the
mitochondrial electron transport chain are ubiquitous throughout nature. They are essential …

The respiratory pathways of glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and mitochondrial
electron transport chain (miETC) are central features of carbon metabolism and …

Exposing plants to hypoxic conditions greatly improves their anoxic stress tolerance by
enhancing the activities of glycolysis and fermentation in roots. Ethylene may also be …

To expand the capabilities of whole-cell biocatalysis, we have engineered Escherichia coli
to produce various esters. The alcohol O-acyltransferase (ATF) class of enzyme uses acyl …

Using a bioinformatics analysis of public Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) microarray data,
we propose here a novel regulatory program, combining transcriptional and …

Valine, leucine and isoleucine form the small group of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)
classified by their small branched hydrocarbon residues. Unlike animals, plants are able to …