I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

Modern health care requires a proactive and individualized response to diseases,
combining precision diagnosis and personalized treatment. Accordingly, the approach to …

Viral respiratory tract infections are associated with asthma inception in early life and asthma
exacerbations in older children and adults. Although how viruses influence asthma inception …

It is well established that adaptive immune responses are deficient in early life, contributing
to increased mortality and morbidity. The developmental trajectories of different components …

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important risk factor of asthma development and is
responsible for severe respiratory tract infections. However, the influence of RSV infection …

Sjögren's syndrome is currently considered an “autoimmune epithelitis,” as exocrine glands,
especially salivary and lacrimal, are progressively destructed by an immune-mediated …

Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are the commonest cause of the common cold. While HRV is
less pathogenic than other respiratory viruses, it is frequently associated with exacerbation …

Abstract Purpose of the Review We provide a systematic review of experimental and clinical
evidences linking allergy to acute, including common cold, and chronic rhinosinusitis in …

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a series of reactions to allergen mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE)
and is one of the most common allergic diseases that affects children. Traditional Chinese …

The respiratory tract is constantly at risk of invasion by microorganisms such as bacteria,
viruses, and fungi. In particular, the mucosal epithelium of the nasal cavity and paranasal …