Bacteria and their viruses have coevolved for billions of years. This ancient and still ongoing
arms race has led bacteria to develop a vast antiphage arsenal. The development of high …

Throughout their evolutionary history, bacteria have faced diverse threats from other
microorganisms, including competing bacteria, bacteriophages and predators. In response …

Bacteria have evolved diverse immunity mechanisms to protect themselves against the
constant onslaught of bacteriophages,–. Similar to how eukaryotic innate immune systems …

Bacteria encode sophisticated anti-phage systems that are diverse and versatile and display
high genetic mobility. How this variability and mobility occurs remains largely unknown …

In all organisms, innate immune pathways sense infection and rapidly activate potent
immune responses while avoiding inappropriate activation (autoimmunity). In humans, the …

Highlights•Many antiphage systems trigger regulated death of the infected cell.•Regulated
cell death protects the nearby population from the spread of infection.•Over 70% of …

Methanogenic archaea are major producers of methane, a potent greenhouse gas and
biofuel, and are widespread in diverse environments, including the animal gut. The …

Bacteria encode hundreds of diverse defence systems that protect them from viral infection
and inhibit phage propagation,,,–. Gabija is one of the most prevalent anti-phage defence …

Bacteria use a wide range of immune pathways to counter phage infection. A subset of these
genes shares homology with components of eukaryotic immune systems, suggesting that …

The global rise of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens and the waning efficacy of
antibiotics urge consideration of alternative antimicrobial strategies. Phage therapy is a …