Probiotics have several health benefits by modulating gut microbiome; however, techno-
functional limitations such as viability controls have hampered their full potential applications …

Postbiotics are non-viable bacterial products or metabolic byproducts produced by probiotic
microorganisms that have biologic activity in the host. Postbiotics are functional bioactive …

Lactobacilli comprise an important group of probiotics for both human and animals. The
emerging concern regarding safety problems associated with live microbial cells is …

Nowadays, the oral use of probiotics is widespread. However, the safety profile with the use
of live probiotics is still a matter of debate. Main risks include: Cases of systemic infections …

The human gastrointestinal tract harbours a complex microbial community, which interacts
with the mucosal immune system closely. Gut microbiota plays a significant role in …

Over the years, probiotics have been extensively studied within the medical, pharmaceutical,
and food fields, as it has been revealed that these microorganisms can provide health …

Probiotics have several health benefits to the host. However, low pH in the stomach, various
digestive enzymes and bile salts in the intestine threaten their viability and function. Thus …

Probiotics are viable microorganisms that provide beneficial health effects when consumed
in adequate quantity by the host. Immunomodulation is one of the major beneficial effects of …

In the 21st century, compressive health and functional foods are advocated by increasingly
more people in order to eliminate sub-health conditions. Probiotics and postbiotics have …

According to outcomes from clinical studies, an intricate relationship occurs between the
beneficial microbiota, gut homeostasis, and the host's health status. Numerous studies have …