Conditioned place preference (CPP) continues to be one of the most popular models to
study the motivational effects of drugs and non‐drug treatments in experimental animals …

While the cause of autism remains unknown, the high concordance between monozygotic
twins supports a strong genetic component. The importance of genetic factors in autism …

In order to expand the prospects of developing novel antidepressants for treatment-resistant
populations, animal models should incorporate not only various stress-induced behavioural …

BackgroundDepression is a leading cause of worldwide disability. Adolescence represents
a key developmental window in which rates of this disorder increase markedly. Children with …

A certain level of arousal is required for an individual to perform optimally, and the locus
coeruleus norepinephrine (LC-NE) system plays a central role in optimizing arousal. Tonic …

A recent review proposed four criteria for an animal model of treatment-resistant depression
(TRD): a phenotypic resemblance to a risk factor for depression; enhanced response to …

A growing body of evidence from human postmortem and animal studies suggests that
deficits in glial cell (particularly astrocytes) density and function, in limbic regions of the brain …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the leading causes of years lived with disability
and contributor to the burden of disease worldwide. The incidence of MDD has increased …

In the current study we explored behavioral and endocrinological effects of exposure to
social isolation during adulthood in two different genetic animal models of depression, the …

Individuals with mood disorders or with addiction, impulsivity and some personality
disorders can share in common a dysfunction in how the brain perceives reward, where …